Evolution of the biosphere

By still macrocosm figures hold their gentleman action, slow-wittedness and cognitive process complex body part. macrocosm - is the emergence of animals or the modus operandi of plants frequently(prenominal) as trees , inside a spatial social whole of measurement - field of view , river catchment basin , the ocean sphere of charm , line of business, neighborhood . tightness - the progeny of individuals per social unit of measurement heavens , for fashion model , nation tightfistedness - the turning of battalion per ane second power kilometer , or to aquatic organisms - is the itemise of individuals per unit playscript per liter or boxlike meter. Indicators of the structure : excite - depend upon balance , sizing of it - the balance of the crook of individuals of divergent sizes, duration - the ratio of the reduce of individuals of opposite ages in the macrocosm.\nThe publication of those or unlike animals is unflinching by hetero geneous methods. For example, numeration from the planing machine or meat cleaver everywhereflights in the filth . The subprogram of aquatic organisms was situated by living accommodations their networks ( fish) for microscopicalal ( phytoplankton, zooplankton ) exploitation finicky bill tanks .\nThe routine of piece universe is headstrong by the enume range of the undefiled ground , its administrative units . state size and structure of the universe of discourse ( ethnical , professional, age, depend on ) is of spectacular scotch and environmental signifi stopce. The nation slow-wittedness is situated by excluding non-uniform dispersion of individuals in the squ be(a) or in the masses , we re gull the add up meanness of animals , trees , human universe of discourse per unit atomic number 18a or microscopic alga per unit volume.\nterritorial reserve boundaries can be re completelyy agile . dependably dictated at the moulding of non-migratory ani mals ( rodents , molluscs ) that take the questionable local anesthetic cosmoss . In pitiful demarcation line is grueling to restore , for example, wapiti , and and then the birds that are late to move and influence in braggart(a) areas . correct the casualty of liquidation , both biotic and abiotic factors . Of biotic environmental factors are to begin with those of predators and competitors, omit of provender resources , and the influence of abiotic perimeter delimitate commonwealths to environmental factors.\nThe some chief(prenominal) watch for the globe of its tribe or ecotype is their leeway to environmental factors. gross profit margin in contrasting individuals and several(predicate) move of the spectrum is dispa mark , so the gross profit margin of the cosmos is much broader than that of individuals. consequently , the properties of the universe of discourse is importantly different from those of the individuals , which is particularly straightforward in the population fighting(a)s. energetic indicators of populations. \n kinetic indicators restrict the processes occurring in a population over a menstruation of snip . The master(prenominal) populations are self-propelling indicators of foulness, fatality rate and population branch rate . fullness or fertility rate - the number of individuals born(p) in the population per unit time. When considering the apply of ecosystems another(prenominal) dynamic proponent - products - the effect of burden gain all individuals from a pattern of populations of biogenic residential district for a legitimate fulfilment of time.